Purpose of the study: taking into account the polymorphism of the APOE, ACE, NOS3 genes, to compare the clinical course of recurrent myocardial infarction in individuals with thrombosis/stenosis in a previously established stent and in people with impaired coronary artery patency outside it.

Materials and Methods. We examined 212 patients treated for MI. All the patients were divided into two groups: (I) — 110 patients with patency disorder of the previously installed stent, (II) — off-stent stenosis — 102 patients. The samples were comparable by age and sex. The obtained data were statistically processed.

Results. Comorbid diseases were more common in patients with impaired patency of a previously installed stent. These people had a lower left ventricular ejection fraction, chronic heart failure, supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias in the hospital period were more often recorded. At the same time, polymorphisms of ACE, APOE, and NOS3 genes were more common in patients with stent thrombosis/stenosis.

Conclusion. Presence of comorbid diseases increased the risk of stent obstruction. A more severe course of recurrent MI in patients with stenosis/thrombosis of a previously placed stent increased mortality 3-fold. Polymorphic variants of ACE, APOE, NOS3 genes can be considered as predictors of recurrent MI development on the background of the previously installed stent patency failure with a more severe hospital course.

Despite advances in surgical technique, anesthesiology and intensive care, low birth weight remains to be a risk factor for adverse outcome in children after cardiac surgery.

The aim of the study is to compare perioperative parameters, postoperative complications and outcomes in low and normal birth weight infants undergoing cardiac surgery.

Materials and methods. A retrospective single-center study of the course of the perioperative period in children after operations on the open heart and vessels. 103 patients were selected for the study. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 — infant with a body weight at the time of surgery less than 2.5 kg. and group 2 — infant with body weight from 2.5 to 3.5 kg. Preoperative clinical and demographic data, intraoperative parameters, postoperative complications and outcomes were assessed.

Results. Comparative analysis of perioperative parameters, postoperative complications and mortality did not show statistically significant differences between the two groups. Regressing analysis did not show a statistically significant effect of LBW on mortality. A significant risk of death was revealed during repeated unplanned surgical intervention and the duration of the child stay in the ICU.

Conclusion. LBW at birth in children with CHD did not lead to an increase in the incidence of postoperative complications and mortality.

One of the problems of practical healthcare is infectious complications and, as the most serious threat to human health around the globe, antibiotic resistance. Despite the modern arsenal of diagnostic and treatment methods, mortality from infectious complications remains high. In this regard, an active search is currently underway for reliable biological markers for the timely diagnosis of infectious complications. Of particular interest is the current status and recent advances in diagnostics using procalcitonin, both for differentiating the pathogenesis of infectious and non-infectious processes, as well as for optimizing the use of antibiotics.

The review presents current data on procalcitonin as a specific biomarker of bacterial infection. Various possible uses of procalcitonin in clinical practice are shown.

The diffusion-weighted MRI method has been actively used in clinical practice to obtain diffusion-weighted images (DWI), which are methods of visualizing the Brownian motion of water molecules in biological tissues. According to well-known estimates, the human body consists of about 60–85 % water, and the cytoplasm of the cell, which is a structural and functional unit of living tissues, contains 75–85 % water, which is a solvent for organic and inorganic substances, and is involved in metabolism and thermoregulation. Diffusion-weighted imaging allows qualitative and quantitative assessment of information about hydrogen proton motion patterns in the zone of interest. The aim of this literature review was to further explore not only the spectrum of clinical applications of DWI sequence, but also its physical basis for the possibility of optimizing scanning protocols by adjusting instrument settings to obtain more informative results.

One of the most promising types of biosensor systems for detection of protein markers of diseases are impedimetric biosensors. An important issue in the development of such sensors is the immobilization of biorecognition elements on the electrode surface. Molecules that contain active functional groups and provide binding of the electrode surface to the functional groups of biorecognition elements are called crosslinkers. This review discusses different types of crosslinkers used for immobilization of biorecognition elements on various electrode materials and describes the technological features of their use to create biosensor structures for the detection of marker proteins. This review will be useful to experts in medicinal chemistry, biochemistry and nanotechnology.

Background. Despite the fact that Runx2 is a generally recognized marker and regulator of osteogenic differentiation, the mechanisms of its regulation, the dynamics of activation during osteogenic differentiation and the relationship with other genes and gene pathways associated with osteogenic differentiation remain unclear.

The aim is to analyze the dynamics of Runx2 activation and the effect of stable protein levels on differentiation processes.

Materials and methods. Lentiviral constructs of RUNX2 genetic isoforms were used in the work: RUNX2full (full-size gene), RUNX2delta (shortened sequence), RUNX2stop (with stop codon), a hairpin design on RUNX2 — shRUNX2 was also used to suppress its activity. The proteasome degradation inhibitor MG132 was used to maintain stable protein levels in cells. To analyze the dynamics of Runx2 activation, osteogenic differentiation was induced for different time periods. The results were analyzed by Western blotting, real-time PCR, and alizarin red staining.

Results. Stabilization of the Runx2 protein at 24 hours of induction of osteogenic differentiation contributes to its strengthening. Also, the level of Runx2 transcripts does not change, but target genes are activated.

Conclusion. During the initiation of osteogenic differentiation of gingival fibroblasts in vitro, Runx2 is regulated at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels; accumulation of a small level of transcripts during induction of osteogenic differentiation and stabilization of the Runx2 protein seem to be critically important.

The adaptation mechanisms considered by the authors of the study play a decisive role in preparing a woman’s body for the upcoming pregnancy. A particularly important aspect of the study is to study the nature of the adaptation syndrome after successful fertilization of the egg and assess the effectiveness of adaptive reactions. It is noted that the consistency and consistency of the adaptation mechanisms of the woman’s body at various stages of sexual intercourse are critical for the successful fertilization of the egg. The study highlights the importance of proper functioning of these mechanisms in the context of pregnancy and the birth of healthy offspring. Understanding these aspects allows us to take a deeper look at the processes occurring in a woman’s body during conception and influencing the further development of the fetus. A comprehensive study of adaptation processes during fertilization helps to increase the efficiency of the reproductive system and provides favorable conditions for starting a new life. The authors emphasize that adaptation mechanisms play an important role in preparing a woman’s body.