The article presents the history of formation and development of 90 years of the Institute’s activities, results and prospects of research and clinical work on the main section of neurosurgery: neurotrauma, neurooncology, vascular neurosurgery, functional neurosurgery. The outcome of organizational and methodological work, training are reflected.

Currently pediatric endocrinology can be considered as an independent scientific and clinical area. The main directions of the activity of scientific lab of pediatric endocrinology are presented in this article. There are research of «genotype-phenotype» correlations in monogenic disorders of insulin secretion, assessment of metabolic and cardiovascular risks in obese children, study of the influence of vitamin D administration on the obesity and metabolic risks in children. The novel scientific research is directed on the role of kisspeptines in the regulation of gonadotropic axis and sexual differentiation of the brain. Molecular genetic sequencing in patients with DSD is planned as well.

This article highlights the main activities of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Federal Almazov North-West Medical Research Centre. Special attention is given to postgraduate education on the basis of a simulation training center, the primary specialization of doctors in obstetrics and gynecology. Also copyrights cycles held at the chair are discussed in details.

Socioeconomic importance of chronic heart failure determined by enormous financial costs associated with poor prognosis. The article reflects modern approaches to optimize the prognosis of patients with systolic heart failure. Presented results showing better survival rates and fewer rehospitalizations in patients observed by cardiologists - heart failure specialists. Described new approaches to the creation of individualized mode of physical training in heart failure patients.

The review presents the current state and perspective of diagnosis of the most common forms of inherited disorders of connective tissue - mitral valve prolapse, and aortic aneurysm. The new classification of borderline dysplastic phenotypes has been presented. Diagnostic algorithm of marfanoid habitus and its main clinical manifestations were discussed.

The paper proposes an original scheme for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmia from the stage of its first registration to choosing of management. Using the modern diagnostic methods the scheme step-by-step helps to reason out the answer to a diagnostic problems considering the role of structural and ischemic myocardial transformations, the role of autonomic and central nervous system. Multiday electrocardiogram monitoring with telemetric data transmission is the possibility for quick and out-patient treatment even continuing working. The key point of suggested scheme is the prevention of sudden cardiac death.

The article deals with the history of noninvasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart. The comparative characteristic of modern methods of topical diagnosis of ventricular arrhythmias and different electrophysiological approaches are analyzed. The current state of non-invasive imaging (ECGI) technology for the topical diagnosis of ventricular arrhythmias are demonstrated. The possible future directions of development and improvement of non-invasive diagnosis of heart rhythm disorders are described.

This article reviews cardiac autonomic nervous regulation hierarchy and mechanistic insights onto possible intervention by spinal cord electrical stimulation in chronic heart failure. Current and future experimental and clinical studies of spinal cord stimulation in animals and humans with ischemic and non-ishemic heart failure are reviewed.

This article summarizes data of the studies of myocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve measurement in the patients with cardiovascular pathology using positron emission tomography (PET) as stand alone technique and as the part of the hybrid systems: PET/CT and PET/MRI. It was given an information, concerning the innovations in PET imaging reconstruction algorithms. Hybrid imaging systems provides an opportunity for advances imaging combining anatomical, physiological, and functional information.