Background: loop endarterectomy (LEA) is one of the low-traumatic methods of modern treatment of arteries of the lower extremities atherosclerosis.
Objective: determining the advantages and disadvantages of loop endarterectomy of iliac arteries for successful implementation as a component of hybrid technology.
Materials and methods: the study was carried the results of treatment of 131 patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of lower limb arteries, with a preferential defeat of the iliac arteries. All patients underwent unilateral or bilateral LEA. In the early and late (5-7 years) postoperative periods all the patients were studied using a questionnaire survey and ultrasonic angioscanning, 23 patients underwent aorto-angiography, 68 – MSCT-scan.
Results: 107 (81,3%) cases the intervention was released only from the femoral access. Additional access to the retroperitoneal space required when performing a 24 (18,3%) operations. Specifi c to LEA complications was the casting areas of the plaque in the artery, other lower extremities, pronounced calcifi cation with lesion of all layers of the vascular wall hypoplasia, tortuosity or aneurysmal extension to the iliac arteries, high occlusion of the abdominal aorta. In these patients, shunting by synthetic prosthesis is the intervention of choice.
In the early postoperative period occurred thrombosis 5 (3,8%), subjected to loop endarterectomy iliac arteries.
Postoperative hospital day was 8+-2 days. Five-year survival after LEA is 77.1%.
Conclusions:
1) the study showed that LEA is promising, and may be a priority intervention on the iliac arteries.
2) the remote results of patency of the iliac arteries after LEA signifi cantly higher than in synthetic grafts that are installed in the aorto-femoral position.
3) the rejection of the use of synthetic substitutes or their use to a minimum (only as a patch) signifi cantly reduces the risk of infectious complications.

Introduction. Postoperative critical complications after coronary artery bypass grafting are the result of innate immunity functioning that related with individual features and sometimes genetically determined. The aim: to evaluate the contribution of innate immunity genes polymorphisms in the development of critical postoperative complications of coronary artery bypass grafting. Design and methods: 680 patients with coronary artery disease after coronary artery bypass grafting were involved in the investigation. TREM-1 and TLR genes polymorph loci were genotyped using allele-specifi c real-time PCR. Results. It was found that allele G rs1817537 (OR = 2,94 (95%CI = 1,09-7,92); р = 0,019), allele Т rs2234246 (OR = 3,64 (95%CI = 1,24-10,73); р = 0,0076) and allele Т rs3804277 (OR = 2,94 (95%CI = 1,09-7,92); р = 0,019) of TREM-1 gene are associated with high risk of multiple organ failure while allele C rs3775073 TLR6 (OR = 0,33 (95%CI = 0,15-0,71); р = 0,0045), allele А rs7768162 TREM-1 (OR = 0,46 (95%CI = 0,21-0,98); р = 0,043) and T/T genotype of rs4711668 TREM-1 (OR = 0,22 (95%CI = 0,05-0,97); р = 0,015) are associated with decreased risk. Conclusion. Rare alleles in some polymorphic sites of innate immunity genes demonstrate the importance in multiple organ failure development.

General anesthetics affect the immune system. Such immunomodulation can have both a negative and a positive effect on the outcome of surgical intervention and distant treatment results. Current review is devoted to the discussion and systematization of data on deregulation of the immune system in the perioperative period, the effects of some of the most common anesthetics on the immune cells and cytokines, as well as possible clinical manifestations of immunomodulation using general anesthetics.

For the purpose of an objective assessment of liver and heart iron overload in patients with hemochromatoses of various genesis, 60 patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the T2 *-relaxometry technique.
The study was performed on a high-fi eld magnetic resonance scanner by induction of a magnetic fi eld of 1.5 T. A comparison was made of the data obtained during the MRI with the laboratory data of patients, namely, the concentration of serum ferritin.
As a result of the work it was shown that the technique T2 * MR -relaxometry is effective, to date provides the most accurate information from non-invasive methods for examining iron overload, and requires inclusion in the protocol of patients with suspicion of iron overload, especially when planning therapy with iron chelators.

The components of the purinergic system participate in the function regulation of various immune system cells as well as in the development of an effective response aimed to extracellular and intracellular pathogens, altered and/or dead cells elimination. Despite the active research of purinergic regulation in the pathogenesis of many diseases, the level of spontaneous expression of such participants of purinergic signaling as CD39 and CD73 on the T-lymphocytes subpopulation of healthy donors has been little studied. The aim of the present study was to determine the expression of CD39 and CD73 on the peripheral T-lymphocytes subpopulations of healthy donors, and to identify possible changes related to the sex and age of the subjects. Materials and methods. The study included 65 healthy donors 25-61 years old. Multicolor fl ow cytometry was used to identify T-helpers (Th), T-cytotoxic (Tcyt), T-regulatory (Treg) cells and their subpopulations — Naïve (CD45R0–CD62L+), Central memory (CM) (CD45R0+CD62L+), Effector memory (EM) (CD45R0+CD62L–) and terminally differentiated CD45RA-positive effector cells (TEMRA) (CD45R0–CD62L–). Additionally CD39 and CD73 expression levels were detected. Results. The levels of CD73+ EM (p = 0,027) and TEMRA (p = 0,006) Tcyt in female subjects were signifi cantly higher. Positive correlations with age were found in CD39+ Naïve Th and Tcyt and EM Tcyt. Negative correlations were detected with CD73+ Naïve and CM Tcyt. Assumptions that the number of CD73 + cells decreased in the direction of Naive-CM-EM-TEMRA in cytotoxic T-lymphocytes were confi rmed. Conclusions. The results confi rm the assumption of of sex and age infl uence on the expression of CD39 and CD73 on the T-lymphocytes subpopulations of healthy donors

Background. Cardiac hypertrophy is a violation of myocardium structure, that increases risk for development of various cardiovascular diseases. Pathological hypertrophy can be triggered by hemodynamic and neurohumoral factors. At cellular level structural element of cardiomyocytes Z-disk, containing a great number of proteins, plays a crucial role in hypertrophy progression. Involvement of Z-disk components in cardiac hypertrophy development is not throughly investigated. Objective. The goal of the work was to investigate expression of genes encoding Z-disk proteins in cardiac hypertrophy caused by renovascular hypertension. Design and methods. «2 kidney, 1 clip» model was performed on male Wistar rats. Animals were divided into groups regarding to model duration.
Gene expression in right and left ventricles was analyzed by real-time PCR. Results. We demonstrated altered expression of cmya5, actn2, nebl: increase at the early stage (1, 2 weeks), followed by decrease to basal level in left ventricle and gradual increase to the later stage (8, 10 weeks) in right ventricle. Des was upregulated at the early stage in both ventricles. Conclusion. Stage of hypertrophy progression could affect expression of genes, encoding Z-disk proteins. Thus, confi rming involvement of Z-disc proteins in cardiac hypertrophy development caused by neurohumoral factors in left and right ventricles.