Features of Pregnancy Course and Its Outcomes in the Komi Republic

Relevance. Declining birth rates and the increasing prevalence of pregnancy complications remain major medical and demographic challenges in the Komi Republic, underscoring the need for continuous monitoring of maternal health indicators and evaluation of regional support measures. Objective. To analyze trends in key maternal health indicators in the Komi Republic in 2012–2024 and to assess the impact of organizational measures on maternal health and pregnancy outcomes. Materials and methods. The study was based on data from statistical reports of the Komi Republic Medical Information and Analytical Center and official data from the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation (Rosstat). A retrospective analysis was performed of birth rates, morbidity among pregnant women, complications of pregnancy, labor and the postpartum period, operative delivery rates, and the effectiveness of antenatal follow-up. Results. Over the past 12 years, the birth rate in the Komi Republic decreased by 52 %. Against the background of a declining number of births, there was an increase in the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women, with values exceeding the national average in several years, as well as a rise in diabetes mellitus and endocrine disorders. An upward trend was also observed in complications of labor and the postpartum period, including obstetric hemorrhage and infectious complications. At the same time, operative rates activity increased. Positive changes were noted in antenatal care coverege: the proportion of women registered in early pregnancy reached 91.5 %, and coverage with prenatal follow-up remained high. Conclusion. The findings indicate unfavorable trends in maternal health in the Komi Republic and support the need to improve prevention of extragenital diseases, optimize management of pregnancy and childbirth in high-risk women, and further strengthen the regional maternal and child health system.

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