НЕАЛКОГОЛЬНАЯ ЖИРОВАЯ БОЛЕЗНЬ ПЕЧЕНИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С САХАРНЫМ ДИАБЕТОМ 2 ТИПА: ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ МЕТОДОВ ЛУЧЕВОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ

Неалкогольная жировая болезнь (НАЖБП) — это наиболее распространенное заболевание печени и одно из наиболее частых показаний к ее трансплантации в развитых странах мира. Сахарный диабет 2 типа (СД 2) является важным фактором риска развития НАЖБП. СД 2, согласно имеющимся данным, ускоряет прогрессирование НАЖБП, поэтому в этой группе больных возможности диагностической визуализации печени приобретают большее значение, чем у пациентов с НАЖБП в отсутствие СД 2. Кроме того, в клинической практике данное заболевание остается недиагностированным более чем в половине случаев, а его течение — трудно прогнозируемым.
Следует отметить, что золотым стандартом диагностики НАЖБП по-прежнему является биопсия печени, однако метод имеет ряд очевидных недостатков ввиду инвазивности, невозможности его частого выполнения в рутинной практике, неприменимости для оценки динамики НАЖБП в ходе лечения, а также относительно высокой стоимости. В связи с этим ведется поиск новых неинвазивных методов диагностики НАЖБП, особенно на ранних стадиях.
Лучевая диагностика НАЖБП основывается на использовании ультразвукового исследования (УЗИ), компьютерной томографии (КТ) и магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ), чувствительность и специфичность которых значительно варьируют. Таким образом, в данном обзоре обсуждаются современные методики неинвазивной инструментальной диагностики различных видов НАЖБП у пациентов с СД 2, которые потенциально могут иметь важное прогностическое значение.

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