Depression: magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies (review)
https://doi.org/10.18705/2311-4495-2022-9-4-20-32
Abstract
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive method for assessing the neurochemical state of the brain. In recent years, the growth in the number of high-field scanners has led to a rapid increase in such studies and improvement in the quality of MRS data, the development of mechanisms and technologies for obtaining and processing results.
The review is devoted to the study of the possibilities of MRS in the study of brain neurochemistry in depression. The fundamentals of techniques and various approaches to MRS, technical requirements for the study material, advantages and disadvantages of the method, difficulties in interpreting the results, and prospects for combining MRS with fMRI and EEG are considered. Most spectroscopic studies performed in depression show an abnormal decrease in the concentrations of the amino acid neurotransmitters γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate, which is consistent with the results of post-mortem histopathological studies. Multivariate studies are needed to determine the anatomical and clinical specificity of changes in Glx and GABA levels that are found in depressed patients.
The presented material can be used and form the basis for further multimodal experiments using MRS, which may be relevant both for the informed development of more effective drugs, and last but not least, neurofeedback tools aimed at interactive interventions in the neural network organization in depressive disorders.
Supporting agencies: Project No. 21-15-00209) for financial support of this work, as well as the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation for access to equipment.
About the Authors
A. M. Korostyshevskaya
International tomography center, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Aleksandra M. Korostyshevskaya, M.D., Leading Researcher, Head of the Department of Medical Diagnostics
Institutskaya str. 3А, Novosibirsk, 630090
A. A. Savelov
International tomography center, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Andrey A. Savelov, Ph.D., Senior Researcher
Novosibirsk
V. D. Abramova
International tomography center, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Victoria D. Abramova, research laboratory assistant; PhD student, Faculty of Natural Sciences
Novosibirsk
M. B. Shtark
Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Mark B. Shtark, D.Sc., Professor, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Novosibirsk
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Review
For citations:
Korostyshevskaya A.M., Savelov A.A., Abramova V.D., Shtark M.B. Depression: magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies (review). Translational Medicine. 2022;9(4):20-32. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18705/2311-4495-2022-9-4-20-32
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