Возможности лечения больных с COVID-19: анализ данных литературы

В условиях распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции особую актуальность представляет получение сведений о клиническом течении, возможностях диагностики и особенно лечения больных с COVID-19. К маю 2020 года в мире вирусом SARS-CoV-2 было инфицировано более 4 млн человек, погибло более 300 000 пациентов. В этом обзоре представлены данные о клиническом течении, возможности диагностики и лечения больных с COVID-19. Авторами был проведен анализ публикаций, представленных в отечественных и международных базах данных с декабря 2019 года по май 2020 года, посвященных новой коронавирусной инфекции. Согласно данным проведенного анализа, чаще всего у больных были описаны такие симптомы, как лихорадка, слабость, кашель, одышка, гастроэнтерологические проявления, снижение обоняния. Основными методами диагностики являются результаты клинического обследования, данные компьютерной томографии и молекулярно-генетических методов обследования. Лечение данной инфекции ограничено отсутствием этиологического лечения и необходимостью применения симптоматической терапии. Все представленные в исследованиях данные по лечению больных с COVID-19 обладают эффективностью, не превышающей 65 %, где лопинавир + ритонавир показали самые низкие показатели (20 %), а гидроксихлорин сульфат и тоцилизумаб — более высокие (45 и 65 % соответственно). Большая надежда возлагается на эффективность иммуносупрессивной терапии. При этом все методы лечения инфекции не снижают летальность, которая составляет 13–22 % независимо от применяемого лечения.

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