Cardiometabolic effects of oxytocin in modeling the diabetic phenotype of chronic heart failure

Background. The combination of heart failure (HF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2T) is considered one of the most common and unfavorable duets. A promising area of modern research is the development of translational models of the diabetic phenotype of HF and new methods of its treatment. The aim. To study the effect of oxytocin (Oх) on structural and functional changes of the myocardium in modeling the diabetic phenotype of HF. Materials and methods. The study was performed on sexually mature rats of both sexes of the Wistar line (n = 36): 12 animals are intact; 24 — the main group with the diabetic phenotype HF, modeled according to the new method of Starchenko AD, et al. (2024). From the 28th to the 42nd day of the experiment, oxytocin was administered daily to 12 animals of the main group at a dose of 0.5 U/kg of body weight intramuscularly, glucose levels, NTproBNP in blood serum, left ventricular ejection fraction (LV) were assessed according to echocardiography. The material (heart, LV myocardium) was taken on the 42nd day after the animals were removed from the experiment, followed by histological examination (microscopy, morphometry). Results. It was found that the administration of Ox led to a decrease in the level of glycemia and NTproBNP in animals of both sexes with the diabetic phenotype of HF. A more significant effect of Ox on the structural reorganization of the LV myocardium in the group of females with DM2T and HF was determined: a decrease in the volume density (VD) of the stroma, an increase in VD capillaries and trophic index. Conclusion. Hypoglycemic and cardioprotective effects of Ox (improvement of trophic and inhibition of myocardial fibrosis) in diabetic phenotype of experimental HF have been demonstrated.

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