<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансляционная медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Translational Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-4495</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-5155</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/2311-4495-2015-0-4-28-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transmed-83</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛУЧЕВАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА И ТЕРАПИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Лучевая диагностика опухолей сердца</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cardiac tumors imaging</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конради</surname><given-names>Юрий Вадимович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konradi</surname><given-names>Yuri V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">yuri.konrady@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжкова</surname><given-names>Дарья Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhkova</surname><given-names>Darya V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Северо-западный федеральный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В. А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Almazov North-West Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Конради Ю.В., Рыжкова Д.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Конради Ю.В., Рыжкова Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Konradi Y.V., Ryzhkova D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/83">https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/83</self-uri><abstract><p>Настоящая статья представляет собой обзор литературы за последние 10 лет и посвящена анализу диагностической эффективности современных методов визуализации в определении опухолей сердца. Подробно изложена лучевая семиотика доброкачественных и злокачественных новообразований. Систематизированы сведения о информативности компьютерной и магнитно-резонансной томографий, продемонстрированы диагностические возможности позитронной эмиссионной томографии при первичных и вторичных кардиальных опухолях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article is a systematic review of the 10 years that is dedicated to the analysis of the diagnostic efficiency of imaging techniques for detection of cardiac tumors. The main features of both benign and malignant neoplasms of the heart are precisely described in the article. Moreover, it is demonstrated sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography in diagnosis of primary and metastatic cardiac tumors.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>опухоли сердца</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>позитронная эмиссионная томография</kwd><kwd>cardiac tumors</kwd><kwd>computed tomography</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sutsch G, Jenni R, von Segesser L et al. Heart tumors: incidence, distribution, diagnosis - exemplified by 20,305 echocardiographies [in German]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1991;121:621-629.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sutsch G, Jenni R, von Segesser L et al. Heart tumors: incidence, distribution, diagnosis - exemplified by 20,305 echocardiographies [in German]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1991;121:621-629.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giuşcă S, Jurcut R, Serban M et al. Cardiac tumors: the experience of a tertiary cardiology center. Rom J Intern Med. 2007;45(4):333-339.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giuşcă S, Jurcut R, Serban M et al. Cardiac tumors: the experience of a tertiary cardiology center. Rom J Intern Med. 2007;45(4):333-339.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grebenc ML, Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Burke AP et al. Primarycardiac and pericardial neoplasms: Radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2000;20:1073-1103.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grebenc ML, Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Burke AP et al. Primarycardiac and pericardial neoplasms: Radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2000;20:1073-1103.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Paraskevaidis IA, Michalakeas CA, Papadopoulos CH et al. Cardiac Tumors. ISRN Oncology. 2011;2011:208929.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paraskevaidis IA, Michalakeas CA, Papadopoulos CH et al. Cardiac Tumors. ISRN Oncology. 2011;2011:208929.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Manfred Schwab. Encyclopedia of Cancer, Volume 1. Springer Science &amp; Business Media, Sep 23, 2011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Manfred Schwab. Encyclopedia of Cancer, Volume 1. Springer Science &amp; Business Media, Sep 23, 2011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Butany J, Nair V, Naseemuddin A et al. Cardiac tumours: diagnosis and management. Lancet Oncol. 2005;6:219-228.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Butany J, Nair V, Naseemuddin A et al. Cardiac tumours: diagnosis and management. Lancet Oncol. 2005;6:219-228.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yu K, Liu Y, Wang H et al. Epidemiological and pathological characteristics of cardiac tumors: a clinical study of 242 cases. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2007;6(5):636-639.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yu K, Liu Y, Wang H et al. Epidemiological and pathological characteristics of cardiac tumors: a clinical study of 242 cases. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2007;6(5):636-639.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart (World Health Organization Classification of Tumours). Edited by William D. Travis, Elizabeth Brambilla, H. Konrad Müller-Hermelink, Curtis C. Harris. IARCPress, Lyon, 2004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart (World Health Organization Classification of Tumours). Edited by William D. Travis, Elizabeth Brambilla, H. Konrad Müller-Hermelink, Curtis C. Harris. IARCPress, Lyon, 2004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">K. Reynen, U. Köckeritz, R. H. Strasser. Metastases to the heart. Ann Oncol. 2004;15(3):375-381.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">K. Reynen, U. Köckeritz, R. H. Strasser. Metastases to the heart. Ann Oncol. 2004;15(3):375-381.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goldberg AD, Blankstein R, Padera RF. In-depth review of metastatic tumors to the heart. Circulation. 2013;128:1790-1794.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goldberg AD, Blankstein R, Padera RF. In-depth review of metastatic tumors to the heart. Circulation. 2013;128:1790-1794.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">R Bussani, F De-Giorgio, A Abbate et al. Cardiac metastases. J Clin Pathol. 2007;60(1):27-34</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">R Bussani, F De-Giorgio, A Abbate et al. Cardiac metastases. J Clin Pathol. 2007;60(1):27-34</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vander Salm TJ. Unusual primary tumors of the heart. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2000;12:89</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vander Salm TJ. Unusual primary tumors of the heart. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2000;12:89</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Primary tumors of the heart. In: Heart Disease, 6th, WB Saunders, 2001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Primary tumors of the heart. In: Heart Disease, 6th, WB Saunders, 2001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sheu CC, Lin SF, Chiu CC et al. Left atrial sarcoma mimicking obstructive pulmonary disease. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:1277.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sheu CC, Lin SF, Chiu CC et al. Left atrial sarcoma mimicking obstructive pulmonary disease. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:1277.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar S, Chaudhry MA, Khan I et al. Metastatic left atrial synovial sarcoma mimicking a myxoma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2004;128:756.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar S, Chaudhry MA, Khan I et al. Metastatic left atrial synovial sarcoma mimicking a myxoma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2004;128:756.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuon E, Kreplin M, Weiss W et al. The challenge presented by right atrial myxoma. Herz. 2004;29:702.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuon E, Kreplin M, Weiss W et al. The challenge presented by right atrial myxoma. Herz. 2004;29:702.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Savino JS, Weiss SJ. Images in clinical medicine. Right atrial tumor. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:1608.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savino JS, Weiss SJ. Images in clinical medicine. Right atrial tumor. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:1608.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diaz Castro O, Bueno H, Nebreda LA. Acute myocardial infarction caused by paradoxical tumorous embolism as a manifestation of hepatocarcinoma. Heart. 2004;90: e29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diaz Castro O, Bueno H, Nebreda LA. Acute myocardial infarction caused by paradoxical tumorous embolism as a manifestation of hepatocarcinoma. Heart. 2004;90: e29.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Di Liang C, Ko SF, Huang SC. Echocardiographic evaluation of cardiac rhabdomyoma in infants and children. J Clin Ultrasound. 2000;28(8):381-386.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Di Liang C, Ko SF, Huang SC. Echocardiographic evaluation of cardiac rhabdomyoma in infants and children. J Clin Ultrasound. 2000;28(8):381-386.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lepper W, Shivalkar B, Rinkevich D et al. Assessment of the vascularity of a left ventricular mass using myocardial contrast echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2002;15:1419-1422.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lepper W, Shivalkar B, Rinkevich D et al. Assessment of the vascularity of a left ventricular mass using myocardial contrast echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2002;15:1419-1422.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ipek G et al. Surgical management of cardiac myxoma. J Card Surg. 2005;20: 300-304.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ipek G et al. Surgical management of cardiac myxoma. J Card Surg. 2005;20: 300-304.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Araoz PA, Mulvagh SL, Tazelaar HD et al. CT and MR imaging of benign primary cardiac neoplasms with echocardiographic correlation. Radiographics. 2000;20:1303-1319.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Araoz PA, Mulvagh SL, Tazelaar HD et al. CT and MR imaging of benign primary cardiac neoplasms with echocardiographic correlation. Radiographics. 2000;20:1303-1319.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arnaiz GP, Toledo GI, Borzutzky SA. Cardiac tumors in children and adults: A Multicentric retrospective study. Rev Med Chil. 2006 Sep;134(9):1135-1145.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arnaiz GP, Toledo GI, Borzutzky SA. Cardiac tumors in children and adults: A Multicentric retrospective study. Rev Med Chil. 2006 Sep;134(9):1135-1145.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marci M, Ziino O, D’Angelo P et al. Fibroma of the left ventricle in a patient with Sotos syndrome. Echocardiography. 2001;18:171-173.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marci M, Ziino O, D’Angelo P et al. Fibroma of the left ventricle in a patient with Sotos syndrome. Echocardiography. 2001;18:171-173.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kambiz Rahbar, Harald Seifarth, Michael Schafers et al. Differentiation of Malignant and Benigh Cardiac Tumors Using 18F-FDG PET/CT. J Nucl Med. 2012;53:856-863.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kambiz Rahbar, Harald Seifarth, Michael Schafers et al. Differentiation of Malignant and Benigh Cardiac Tumors Using 18F-FDG PET/CT. J Nucl Med. 2012;53:856-863.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grebenc ML, Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Green CE. Cardiac myxoma: imaging features in 83 patients. RadioGraphics. 2002;22:673-689.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grebenc ML, Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Green CE. Cardiac myxoma: imaging features in 83 patients. RadioGraphics. 2002;22:673-689.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">David H. O'Donnell. Cardiac Tumors: Optimal Cardiac MR Sequences and Spectrum of Imaging Appearances. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2009;193:2,377-387.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">David H. O'Donnell. Cardiac Tumors: Optimal Cardiac MR Sequences and Spectrum of Imaging Appearances. American Journal of Roentgenology. 2009;193:2,377-387.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кардиология: национальное руководство / под ред. Е. В. Шляхто.-2-е изд., перераб. и доп.-М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2015. - 800 с [Cardiology: national leadership. Ed. Shlyakhto EV. 2nd ed. М: Geotar-Media; 2015:800 pp. In Russian].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Кардиология: национальное руководство / под ред. Е. В. Шляхто.-2-е изд., перераб. и доп.-М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2015. - 800 с [Cardiology: national leadership. Ed. Shlyakhto EV. 2nd ed. М: Geotar-Media; 2015:800 pp. In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Restrepo CS, Largoza A, Lemos DF et al. CT and MR imaging of benign cardiac tumors. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 2005:34:12-21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Restrepo CS, Largoza A, Lemos DF et al. CT and MR imaging of benign cardiac tumors. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 2005:34:12-21.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pugliatti P, Patane S, De Gregorio C et al. Lipomatous hypertrophy of the internal septum. Int J Cardiol. 2008;130:294-295.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pugliatti P, Patane S, De Gregorio C et al. Lipomatous hypertrophy of the internal septum. Int J Cardiol. 2008;130:294-295.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yang HS, Arabia FA, Chaliki HP et al. Images in cardiovascular medicine: left atrial fibroma in Gardner syndrome - real time 3-dimensional transesophageal echo imaging. Circulation. 2008;118: e692-e694.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yang HS, Arabia FA, Chaliki HP et al. Images in cardiovascular medicine: left atrial fibroma in Gardner syndrome - real time 3-dimensional transesophageal echo imaging. Circulation. 2008;118: e692-e694.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Luna A, Ribes R, Caro P. Evaluation of cardiac tumors with magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Radiol. 2005;15:1446-1455.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Luna A, Ribes R, Caro P. Evaluation of cardiac tumors with magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Radiol. 2005;15:1446-1455.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alkadi H, Leschka S, Hurlimann D et al. Fibroelastoma of the aortic valve: evaluation with echocardiography and 64-slice CT. Herz. 2005;30:438.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alkadi H, Leschka S, Hurlimann D et al. Fibroelastoma of the aortic valve: evaluation with echocardiography and 64-slice CT. Herz. 2005;30:438.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stiller B, Hetzer R, Meyer R et al. Primary cardiac tumors: when is surgery necessary? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2001;20:1002-1006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stiller B, Hetzer R, Meyer R et al. Primary cardiac tumors: when is surgery necessary? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2001;20:1002-1006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brickman SL, van der Wouw P. Images in cardiovascular medicine: angiosarcoma of the pericardium - a fatal dusease. Circulation. 2005;111: e388-e389.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brickman SL, van der Wouw P. Images in cardiovascular medicine: angiosarcoma of the pericardium - a fatal dusease. Circulation. 2005;111: e388-e389.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clarke NR, Mohiaddin RH, Weataby S. Multifocal cardiac leiomyosarcoma: diagnosis and surveillance by transesophageal echocardiography and contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Postgrad Med J. 2002;78:492-493.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clarke NR, Mohiaddin RH, Weataby S. Multifocal cardiac leiomyosarcoma: diagnosis and surveillance by transesophageal echocardiography and contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Postgrad Med J. 2002;78:492-493.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ryu SJ, Choi BW, Choe KO. CT and MR findings of primary cardiac lymphoma: report upon 2 cases and review, Yonsei Med J. 2001;42:451-456.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ryu SJ, Choi BW, Choe KO. CT and MR findings of primary cardiac lymphoma: report upon 2 cases and review, Yonsei Med J. 2001;42:451-456.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chiles C, Woodard PK, Guitierrez FR et al. Metastatic involvement of the heart and pericardium: CT and MR imaging. RadioGraphics. 2001;21:439-449.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chiles C, Woodard PK, Guitierrez FR et al. Metastatic involvement of the heart and pericardium: CT and MR imaging. RadioGraphics. 2001;21:439-449.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A Mallia, LL Travaini, G Trifiro et al. Detection of cardiac mass by [18F]FDG-PET/CT: a rare case. Ecancer. 2009;3:152.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A Mallia, LL Travaini, G Trifiro et al. Detection of cardiac mass by [18F]FDG-PET/CT: a rare case. Ecancer. 2009;3:152.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Satoshi Okayama, Yoko Dote, Yukiji Takeda et al. Primary Cardiac Lymphoma: Echocardiography and F-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in Selection of a Biopsy Site. Echocardiography. 2013 Jan;30(1): E13-15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Satoshi Okayama, Yoko Dote, Yukiji Takeda et al. Primary Cardiac Lymphoma: Echocardiography and F-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in Selection of a Biopsy Site. Echocardiography. 2013 Jan;30(1): E13-15.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shah K, Shemisa K. A “low and slow” approach to successful medical treatment of primary cardiac lymphoma. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2014;4(3):270-273.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shah K, Shemisa K. A “low and slow” approach to successful medical treatment of primary cardiac lymphoma. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2014;4(3):270-273.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thorsten R. C. Johnson, Cristoph R. Becker, Bernd J. Wintersperger et al. Detection of Cardiac Metastasis by PET/CT. Circulation. 2005;112: e61-e62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thorsten R. C. Johnson, Cristoph R. Becker, Bernd J. Wintersperger et al. Detection of Cardiac Metastasis by PET/CT. Circulation. 2005;112: e61-e62.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yarmohammadi H, Tacher V, Faulhaber PF et al. Imaging of dedifferentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma with left ventricular metastasis: A rare presentation of papillary thyroid metastatic disease. J Can Res Ther. 2013;9:490-492.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yarmohammadi H, Tacher V, Faulhaber PF et al. Imaging of dedifferentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma with left ventricular metastasis: A rare presentation of papillary thyroid metastatic disease. J Can Res Ther. 2013;9:490-492.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Puranik et al.: Asymptomatic myocardial metastasis from cancers of upper aero-digestive tract detected on FDG PET/CT: a series of 4 cases. Cancer Imaging. 2014;14:16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Puranik et al.: Asymptomatic myocardial metastasis from cancers of upper aero-digestive tract detected on FDG PET/CT: a series of 4 cases. Cancer Imaging. 2014;14:16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Demetrios N. Exarhos, Ekaterini A. Tavernaraki, Irene Kyratzi et al. Imaging of Cardiac Tumors and Masses. Hospital Chronicles. 2010;5(1):1-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Demetrios N. Exarhos, Ekaterini A. Tavernaraki, Irene Kyratzi et al. Imaging of Cardiac Tumors and Masses. Hospital Chronicles. 2010;5(1):1-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clare F. Suttie, George Hruby, Lisa Horvath et al. Cardiac Metastasis in Merkel Cell Carcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32(13): e52-53.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clare F. Suttie, George Hruby, Lisa Horvath et al. Cardiac Metastasis in Merkel Cell Carcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32(13): e52-53.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">AHA medical/scientific statement: 1994 revisions to classification of functional capacity and objective assessment of patients with diseases of the heart. Circulation. 1994;90:644-645.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">AHA medical/scientific statement: 1994 revisions to classification of functional capacity and objective assessment of patients with diseases of the heart. Circulation. 1994;90:644-645.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agostini D, Babatasi G, Galateau F. Detection of cardiac myxoma by F-18 FDG PET. Clin Nucl Med. 1999;24:159-160.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agostini D, Babatasi G, Galateau F. Detection of cardiac myxoma by F-18 FDG PET. Clin Nucl Med. 1999;24:159-160.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koc K, Aras M, Inanir S. Coexistence of atrial myxoma and lung cancer on fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography: The impact of distinct fluorodeoxyglucose uptake pattern on differential diagnosis. Indian J Nucl Med. 2014;29:284-285.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koc K, Aras M, Inanir S. Coexistence of atrial myxoma and lung cancer on fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography: The impact of distinct fluorodeoxyglucose uptake pattern on differential diagnosis. Indian J Nucl Med. 2014;29:284-285.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Okazaki et al. Significance of 18F-FDG PET and immunohistochemical GLUT-1 expression for cardiac myxoma. Diagnostic Pathology. 2014;9:117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okazaki et al. Significance of 18F-FDG PET and immunohistochemical GLUT-1 expression for cardiac myxoma. Diagnostic Pathology. 2014;9:117.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
