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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансляционная медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Translational Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-4495</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-5155</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/2311-4495-2021-8-4-27-34</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transmed-632</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАДИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RADIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Структурная реорганизация проводящих путей белого вещества головного мозга у пациентов со спастической диплегией после транслингвальной нейростимуляции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Structural reorganization of the white matter pathways of the brain in patients with spastic diplegia after translingual neurostimulation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1128-1587</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анпилогова</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anpilogova</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анпилогова Кристина Сергеевна, клинический ординатор кафедры лучевой диагностики и медицинской визуализации</p><p>ул. Аккуратова, д. 2, Санкт-Петербург, Россия, 197341</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anpilogova Kristina S., Resident of Radiology Department</p><p>Akkuratova str. 2, Saint Petersburg, Russia, 197341</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kristina-anp@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7630-8242</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чегина</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chegina</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чегина Дарья Сергеевна, аспирант кафедры лучевой диагностики и медицинской визуализации</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>SPIN-код: 4715-2716</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chegina Daria S., Postgraduate Student</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dashachegina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4340-6014</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатова</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatova</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игнатова Татьяна Сергеевна, врач-невролог, СПб ГБУЗ «Городская больница № 40»</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>SPIN-код: 5172-9399</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ignatova Tatiana S., Neurologist</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ignatova_tatiana@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2249-1405</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефимцев</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimtsev</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ефимцев Александр Юрьевич, к.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник НИЛ лучевой визуализации</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>SPIN-код: 3459-2168</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Efimtsev Aleksandr Yu., PhD, Leading Researcher, Research Laboratory of Radiation Imaging</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">atralf@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1611-5000</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Труфанов</surname><given-names>Г. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trufanov</surname><given-names>G. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Труфанов Геннадий Евгеньевич, д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского отдела лучевой диагностики, заведующий кафедрой лучевой диагностики и медицинской визуализации</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>SPIN-код: 3139-3581</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Trufanov Gennadiy E., Dr. Sc., Professor, Chief Researcher of the Research Department of Radiation Diagnostics, Head of the Department of Radiation Diagnostics and Medical Imaging</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">trufanovge@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургское государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Городская больница № 40 Курортного района»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Hospital № 40</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Анпилогова К.С., Чегина Д.С., Игнатова Т.С., Ефимцев А.Ю., Труфанов Г.Е., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Анпилогова К.С., Чегина Д.С., Игнатова Т.С., Ефимцев А.Ю., Труфанов Г.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Anpilogova K.S., Chegina D.S., Ignatova T.S., Efimtsev A.Y., Trufanov G.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/632">https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/632</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Спастическая диплегия (болезнь Литтля) — самая распространенная форма детского церебрального паралича (ДЦП), приводящая к стойким двигательным и функциональным нарушениям. Одним из перспективных направлений реабилитации является комбинация физиотерапии с методами стимуляции различных отделов нервной системы, среди которых выделяют функциональную электростимуляцию мышц и нервов.Цель исследования. Изучение структурных изменений проводящих путей белого вещества головного мозга у пациентов со спастической диплегией после транслингвальной нейростимуляции путем применения методики магнитно-резонансной трактографии.Материалы и методы. Проведено открытое одноцентровое контролируемое исследование. Всего обследовано 18 детей. Всем пациентам была выполнена комплексная МРТ в двух временных точках, до и после курса транслингвальной нейростимуляции, на томографе с индукцией магнитного поля 3,0 Тл, включавшая традиционный протокол в 3-х взаимно перпендикулярных плоскостях, а также диффузионно-взвешенных изображений — DWI (Diffusion-Weight Imaging).Результаты. У всех пациентов после нейростимуляции клинически отмечено улучшение координации движений и снижение мышечного тонуса с формированием новых моторных навыков, улучшение двигательной функции конечностей. Выявлено статистически значимое снижение индекса спастичности до 17 % для рук и 23 % для ног, улучшение качества моторных навыков по всем трем шкалам.Заключение. Транслингвальная нейростимуляция позволяет воздействовать на все компоненты моторной активности, в результате чего активируются процессы нейропластичности и головной мозг у пациентов со спастической диплегией становится более восприимчив к двигательной реабилитации, направленной на восстановление двигательного контроля и формирование новых моторных навыков.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Spastic diplegia (Little’s disease) is the most common form of infantile cerebral palsy (ICP), leading to persistent motor and functional impairments. One promising area of rehabilitation is a combination of physical therapy with methods of stimulation of various parts of the nervous system, among which functional electrical stimulation of muscles and nerves is the most prominent.Objective. To study structural changes of cerebral white matter conduction pathways in patients with spastic diplegia after translingual neurostimulation using magnetic resonance tractography.Materials and Methods. An open single center-controlled study was conducted. A total of 18 children were examined. All patients underwent comprehensive MRI in two time points, before and after a course of translingual neurostimulation, on a tomograph with magnetic field induction 3.0 Tesla, which included a traditional protocol in 3 mutually perpendicular planes), and diffusion-weighted imaging — DWI (Diffusion-Weight Imaging).Results. All patients after neurostimulation showed clinical improvement of movement coordination and decrease of muscle tone with formation of new motor skills, improvement of limb motor function. Statistically significant decrease of spasticity index was revealed up to 17% for arms and 23% for legs, improvement of motor skills on all three scales.Conclusion. Translingual neurostimulation allows to affect all components of motor activity, as a result of which neuroplasticity processes are activated and the brain of patients with spastic diplegia becomes more receptive to motor rehabilitation aimed at restoration of motor control and formation of new motor skills.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>детский церебральный паралич</kwd><kwd>количественная анизотропия</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>МР-трактография</kwd><kwd>нейрореабилитация</kwd><kwd>транслингвальная нейростимуляция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cerebral palsy</kwd><kwd>quantitative anisotropy</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>MR tractography</kwd><kwd>neurorehabilitation</kwd><kwd>translingual neurostimulation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федеральные клинические рекомендации по оказанию медицинской помощи детям с детским церебральным параличом. 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