transmedТрансляционная медицинаTranslational Medicine2311-44952410-5155Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia10.18705/2311-4495-2020-7-6-29-38transmed-575Research ArticleСЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТЫЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯCARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINEКардиоваскулярные риски у детей, рожденных с помощью репродуктивных технологийCardiovascular risks in infants born with reproductive technologieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4174-2708ГорловаИ. А.GorlovaI. A.

Горлова Ирина Александровна, к.м.н., научный сотрудник НИЛ профилактической кардиологии

ул. Аккуратова, д. 2, Санкт-Петербург, 197341

Gorlova Irina A., PhD, Researcher, Department of Preventive Cardiology

Akkuratova str. 2, Saint Petersburg, 197341

gorlova_ia@almazovcentre.ruОмельченкоМ. Ю.OmelchenkoM. Ju.

Омельченко Марина Юрьевна, к.м.н., научный сотрудник НИЛ профилактической кардиологии

Санкт-Петербург

Omelchenko Marina Yu., PhD, Researcher, Department of Preventive Cardiology

Saint Petersburg

omelchenko_myu@almazovcentre.ruСоколоваЛ. А.SokolovaL. A.

Соколова Людмила Андреевна, д.м.н., профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник НИЛ профилактической кардиологии

Санкт-Петербург

Sokolova Lyudmila A., Dr Sci, Professor, Leading Researcher Department of Preventive Cardiology

Saint Petersburg

sokolova_la@almazovcentre.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6201-3638БондаренкоБ. Б.BondarenkoB. B.

Бондаренко Борис Борисович, д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник НИЛ профилактической кардиологии

Санкт-Петербург

Bondarenko Boris B., Dr. Sci., Professor, Chief Researcher, Department of Preventive Cardiology

Saint Petersburg

bondarenko_bb@almazovcentre.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияAlmazov National Medical Research CentreRussian Federation202014122020762938Copyright © Горлова И.А., Омельченко М.Ю., Соколова Л.А., Бондаренко Б.Б., 20202020Горлова И.А., Омельченко М.Ю., Соколова Л.А., Бондаренко Б.Б.Gorlova I.A., Omelchenko M.J., Sokolova L.A., Bondarenko B.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/575

Россия занимает второе место среди европейских стран по количеству выполняемых циклов вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий (ВРТ). Доля детей, зачатых с применением ВРТ, увеличивается ежегодно. В представленном обзоре собраны данные о влиянии новых репродуктивных технологий на риск развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Потенциальные риски для здоровья плода при использовании ВРТ возможны на всех этапах эмбрио- и органогенеза. Наиболее актуальным считается увеличение частоты врожденных пороков развития (ВПР) у детей после ВРТ по сравнению с их частотой в естественной популяции. Частота ВПР связывается не только с применением ВРТ, но и с такими факторами, как генетические особенности, возраст и состояние здоровья матери, отягощенный акушерско-гинекологический анамнез, многоплодие, низкая масса тела при рождении плода. У детей, зачатых при помощи ВРТ, отмечается появление ранних признаков системной эндотелиальной дисфункции, метаболических нарушений (липидный обмен, повышение уровня глюкозы), врожденных пороков сердца (дефект межжелудочковой перегородки, малая аномалия развития сердца (ложная хорда), открытый артериальный проток, открытое овальное окно). Признаются необходимыми совершенствование методов пренатальной диагностики ВПР на ранних сроках беременности и регулярные медицинские обследования детей, зачатых с использованием ВРТ.

Russia is on the second place among European countries in the number of completed cycles of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). The proportion of children conceived using ART becomes annually higher. The present review summarises data on the impact of new reproductive technologies on the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases are presented. Potential health risks in the introduction of ART in babies born are discussed in numerous studies, the impact on all stages of embryo- and organogenesis is noted. The greatest problem is a possible increase in the incidence of congenital malformations (CM) in children after ART compared to the latter in the natural population. The frequency of CM is due not only to the use of APT, but also to factors such as genetic characteristics, age and state of health of the mother, aggravated obstetric-gynecological history, multiplicity, low birth weight of the fetus. In children conceived with ART, often appear early symptoms of systemic endothelial dysfunction, metabolic disorders (lipid metabolism, glucose level), congenital heart defects (interventricular septum defect, small cardiac development abnormality (false chord), open arterial duct, open oval window). There is a need to improve prenatal diagnostics of CM in early pregnancy and regular medical examinations of children conceived with ART.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.