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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансляционная медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Translational Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-4495</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-5155</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/2311-4495-2015-0-1-39-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transmed-57</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Активность NO-синтаз в мозге, миокарде и скелетных мышцах крыс с ожирением и влияние на нее длительного лечения интраназальным инсулином</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE ACTIVITY OF NO-SYNTHASES IN THE BRAIN, MYOCARDIUM AND SKELETAL MUSCLES OF OBESE RATS AND THE INFLUENCE OF LONG-TERM TREATMENT WITH INTRANASAL INSULIN</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Людмила Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деркач</surname><given-names>Кира Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Derkach</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharova</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондарева</surname><given-names>Вера Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondareva</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шпаков</surname><given-names>Александр Олегович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shpakov</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">alex_shpakov@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И. М. Сеченова» Российской академии наук</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузнецова Л.А., Деркач К.В., Шарова Т.С., Бондарева В.М., Шпаков А.О., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузнецова Л.А., Деркач К.В., Шарова Т.С., Бондарева В.М., Шпаков А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsova L.A., Derkach K.V., Sharova T.S., Bondareva V.M., Shpakov A.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/57">https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/57</self-uri><abstract><p>Нарушения микро- и макроциркуляции при ожирении связаны с изменением активности NO-синтаз - ферментов, катализирующих синтез эндогенного NO. Однако в условиях экспериментального ожирения они изучены недостаточно. Отсутствуют данные о влиянии на активность NO-синтаз длительной обработки интраназально вводимым инсулином (ИИ), который используют для лечения предиабетических состояний. Цель работы состояла в изучении активности NO-синтаз в тканях крыс с ожирением, вызванным высокожировой диетой, и влияния длительной обработки ИИ на активность фермента. Для индукции ожирения самцов крыс Wistar в течение 4 месяцев содержали на высокожировой диете. Лечение ИИ начинали на 60-й день диеты и проводили в течение двух месяцев в суточной дозе 0,48 IU/крысa. Оценивали активность общей, эндотелиальной и нейрональной изоформ NO-синтазы в мозге, миокарде и скелетных мышцах животных. Показано, что в миокарде и скелетных мышцах крыс с ожирением активность общей и эндотелиальной NO-синтаз снижалась; в мозге она заметно не менялась. Лечение ИИ крыс с ожирением приводило к частичному или полному восстановлению активности общей и эндотелиальной NO-синтаз в миокарде и скелетных мышцах, и повышало NO-синтазную активность в мозге выше ее уровня в контроле. Таким образом, длительная обработка ИИ восстанавливает инсулиновую сигнальную систему мозга и положительно влияет на ослабленную в условиях ожирения NO-синтазную систему в ЦНС и на периферии, что может вызывать улучшение циркуляции крови и предупреждать развитие дисфункций в нервной, сердечно-сосудистой и других системах организма.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The abnormalities of micro- and macrocirculation in obesity are associated with the changes in the activity of NO-synthases, the enzymes catalyzing synthesis of endogenous NO. However, in experimental obesity they are not well understood. There are no data on the influence of long-term treatment with intranasally administered insulin (I-I) that is used for the treatment of pre-diabetic states on NO-synthase activity. Objective. The aim of this work was to study the activity of NO-synthases in the tissues of rats with obesity induced by high- fat diet and the influence of long-term I-I treatment on them. Design and methods. To induce the obesity, Wistar male rats received a high-fat diet during 4 months. The I-I treatment was started on the 60th day of the diet, and carried out for two months at a daily dose 0.48 IU/rat. The activity of total, neuronal and endothelial isoforms of NO-synthase in the brain, myocardium and skeletal muscles was evaluated. Results. It was shown that in the myocardium and skeletal muscles of obese rats the activity of total and endothelial NO-synthases was decreased, and in the brain it has not significantly changed. The treatment of obese rats with II resulted in partial or complete restoration of the activity of total and endothelial NO-synthases in the myocardium and skeletal muscles, and caused an increase of NO-synthase activity in the brain above this level in control. Conclusion. Summing up, long-term I-I treatment restores insulin signaling system in the brain and positively affect the NO-synthase system in CNS and periphery, attenuated in the obesity, which can lead to improved blood circulation and to prevent the development of dysfunctions of the nervous, the cardiovascular and other systems.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>NO-синтаза</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>мозг</kwd><kwd>миокард</kwd><kwd>скелетные мышцы</kwd><kwd>NO-synthase</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>brain</kwd><kwd>myocardium</kwd><kwd>skeletal muscle</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bourgoin F, Bachelard H, Badeau M et al. Endothelial and vascular dysfunctions and insulin resistance in rats fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet. 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