<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансляционная медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Translational Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-4495</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-5155</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/2311-4495-2020-7-3-14-20</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transmed-552</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НЕВРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEUROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нарушения дыхания во сне при ишемическом инсульте: связь с локализацией и типом классификации TOAST</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sleep breathing disorders in ischemic stroke: relationship with the localization and toast classification subtypes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кравченко</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kravchenko</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кравченко Мария Владимировна, клинический ординатор</p><p>ул. Аккуратова, д. 2, Санкт-Петербург, Россия, 197341</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kravchenko Maria V., MD, Postgraduate Student</p><p>Akkuratova str. 2, Saint Petersburg, Russia, 197341</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hillis1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коростовцева</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korostovtseva</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коростовцева Людмила Сергеевна, к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник рабочей группы по сомнологии НИО артериальной гипертензии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Korostovtseva Lyudmila S., MD, PhD, Senior Researcher of the Somnology Group</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lyudmila_korosto@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головкова-Кучерявая</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovkova-Kucheriavaia</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Головкова-Кучерявая Мария Сергеевна, научный сотрудник НИО артериальной гипертензии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Golovkova-Kucheriavaia Maria S., MD, Researcher</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">golovkova.m.s@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бочкарев</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bochkarev</surname><given-names>M. V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бочкарёв Михаил Викторович, к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник рабочей группы по сомнологии НИО артериальной гипертензии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bochkarev Mikhail V., MD, PhD, Senior Researcher of the Somnology Group</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">michail_bv@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свиряев</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sviryaev</surname><given-names>Y. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свиряев Юрий Владимирович, д.м.н., руководитель рабочей группы по сомнологии НИО артериальной гипертензии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sviryaev Yury V., MD, PhD, Dr. Sci., Head of the Somnology Group</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yusvyr@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кравченко М.В., Коростовцева Л.С., Головкова-Кучерявая М.С., Бочкарев М.В., Свиряев Ю.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кравченко М.В., Коростовцева Л.С., Головкова-Кучерявая М.С., Бочкарев М.В., Свиряев Ю.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kravchenko M.V., Korostovtseva L.S., Golovkova-Kucheriavaia M.S., Bochkarev M.V., Sviryaev Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/552">https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/552</self-uri><abstract><p>Инсульт является одной из ведущих причин смерти и инвалидизации во всем мире, несмотря на успешные стратегии борьбы с основными факторами риска возникновения ишемического инсульта, артериальной гипертензией, фибрилляцией предсердий, сахарным диабетом и другими. Среди малоизученных, но потенциально значимых и модифицируемых факторов риска обращают на себя внимание нарушения дыхания во сне. Мы провели обзор литературы и проанализировали такие аспекты, как взаимосвязь различных вариантов нарушения дыхания во сне с локализацией поражения головного мозга и типом острого нарушения мозгового кровообращения на основе патофизиологических признаков по критериям TOAST. В ходе проведенного анализа было показано, что в раннем периоде после нарушения мозгового кровообращения частота и выраженность нарушения дыхания во сне были выше в основном за счет наличия центрального апноэ, развивающегося при вовлечении зоны кровоснабжения вертебробазилярного бассейна. Однако нарушение мозгового кровообращения супратенториальной локализации также может быть фактором, способствующим появлению или усугублению нарушений дыхания во сне. Что касается связи нарушений дыхания во сне с типом нарушения мозгового кровообращения по классификации TOAST, можно говорить о вероятной связи синдрома обструктивного апноэ во сне с нарушением мозгового кровообращения кардиоэмболического и атеротромботического генеза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, despite successful strategies to manage the main risk factors for ischemic stroke (hypertension, atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus and others). Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is poorly studied, but potentially significant and modifiable risk factor for stroke, so it draws attention of investigators. In this review we have focused on some aspects and analyzed the relationship of different variants of SBD with the lesions localization and the type of acute ischemic stroke according to TOAST criteria. During the analysis, it was shown that in the early period after cerebrovascular accident, the frequency and severity of respiratory disturbances in sleep were higher, mainly due to the presence of central apnea, which develops when the vertebro-basilar pool is involved in the blood supply zone. However, impaired cerebral circulation of supratentorial localization can also be a factor contributing to the appearance or exacerbation of respiratory failure in a dream. With regard to the relationship of respiratory disorders in a dream with a type of cerebrovascular accident according to the TOAST classification, we can talk about the likely relationship of obstructive sleep apnea with a cerebrovascular accident of cardioembolic and atherothrombotic origin.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ишемический инсульт</kwd><kwd>классификация TOAST</kwd><kwd>нарушения дыхания во сне</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ischemic stroke</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>sleep-disordered breathing</kwd><kwd>stroke localization</kwd><kwd>stroke subtypes</kwd><kwd>TOAST classification</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muraveva VN, Karpova EN. Modern concepts of risk factors and prevention of stroke (literature review). Mezhdunarodnyj zhurnal eksperimentalnogo obrazovanija=International journal of experimental education. 2014; 3(2): 59–64. In Russian [Муравьева В.Н., Карпова Е.Н. Современные представления о факторах риска и профилактики ОНМК (обзор литературы). Международный журнал экспериментального образования. 2014; (3–2): 59–64].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muraveva VN, Karpova EN. Modern concepts of risk factors and prevention of stroke (literature review). Mezhdunarodnyj zhurnal eksperimentalnogo obrazovanija=International journal of experimental education. 2014; 3(2): 59–64. In Russian [Муравьева В.Н., Карпова Е.Н. Современные представления о факторах риска и профилактики ОНМК (обзор литературы). Международный журнал экспериментального образования. 2014; (3–2): 59–64].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fonyakin AV, Geraskina LA, Maksimova MYu, et al. Prevalence and character of sleep-disordered breathing in ischemic stroke. Cardiosomatics. 2018; 9(2): 12–16. In Russian [Фонякин А.В., Гераскина Л.А., Максимова М.Ю. и др. Распространенность и характер нарушений дыхания во сне при ишемическом инсульте. CardioСоматика. 2018; 9 (2): 12–16].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fonyakin AV, Geraskina LA, Maksimova MYu, et al. Prevalence and character of sleep-disordered breathing in ischemic stroke. Cardiosomatics. 2018; 9(2): 12–16. In Russian [Фонякин А.В., Гераскина Л.А., Максимова М.Ю. и др. Распространенность и характер нарушений дыхания во сне при ишемическом инсульте. CardioСоматика. 2018; 9 (2): 12–16].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bassetti CL, Milanova M, Gugger M. Sleepdisordered breathing and acute ischemic stroke: diagnosis, risk factors, treatment, evolution, and long-term clinical outcome. Stroke. 2006; 37(4): 967–972.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bassetti CL, Milanova M, Gugger M. Sleepdisordered breathing and acute ischemic stroke: diagnosis, risk factors, treatment, evolution, and long-term clinical outcome. Stroke. 2006; 37(4): 967–972.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Parra O, Arboix A, Bechich S, et al. Time course of sleep-related breathing disorders in first-ever stroke or transient ischemic attack. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2000; 161(2 Pt 1): 375–380.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Parra O, Arboix A, Bechich S, et al. Time course of sleep-related breathing disorders in first-ever stroke or transient ischemic attack. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2000; 161(2 Pt 1): 375–380.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harbison J, Ford GA, James OFW, et al. Sleepdisordered breathing following acute stroke. QJM. 2002; 95(11): 741–747.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harbison J, Ford GA, James OFW, et al. Sleepdisordered breathing following acute stroke. QJM. 2002; 95(11): 741–747.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yaggi HK, Concato J, Kernan WN, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea as a risk factor for stroke and death. N. Engl. J. Med. 2005; 353(19): 2034–2041.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yaggi HK, Concato J, Kernan WN, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea as a risk factor for stroke and death. N. Engl. J. Med. 2005; 353(19): 2034–2041.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lutohin GM, Geraskina LA, Fonyakin AV. Sleepdesordered breathing syndrome in acute ischemic stroke. Zhurnal nevrologii i psihiatrii im. C.C. Korsakova= S.S. Korsakov journal of neurology and psychiatry. 2016; 12(2): 14–20. In Russian [Лутохин Г.М., Гераскина Л.А., Фонякин А.В. Синдром нарушения дыхания во сне при ишемическом инсульте. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2016; 12(2): 14–20].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lutohin GM, Geraskina LA, Fonyakin AV. Sleepdesordered breathing syndrome in acute ischemic stroke. Zhurnal nevrologii i psihiatrii im. C.C. Korsakova= S.S. Korsakov journal of neurology and psychiatry. 2016; 12(2): 14–20. In Russian [Лутохин Г.М., Гераскина Л.А., Фонякин А.В. Синдром нарушения дыхания во сне при ишемическом инсульте. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2016; 12(2): 14–20].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown DL, McDermott M, Mowla A, et al. Brainstem infarction and sleep-disordered breathing in the BASIC Sleep Apnea Study. Sleep Med. 2014; 15(8): 887–891.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown DL, McDermott M, Mowla A, et al. Brainstem infarction and sleep-disordered breathing in the BASIC Sleep Apnea Study. Sleep Med. 2014; 15(8): 887–891.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown DL, Bapuraj JR, Mukherji SK, et al. MRI of the pharynx in ischemic stroke patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Med. 2010; 11(6): 540–544.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown DL, Bapuraj JR, Mukherji SK, et al. MRI of the pharynx in ischemic stroke patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Med. 2010; 11(6): 540–544.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stahl SM, Yaggi HK, Taylor S, et al. Infarct location and sleep apnea: evaluating the potential association in acute ischemic stroke. Sleep Med. 2015; 16(10): 1198–1203.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stahl SM, Yaggi HK, Taylor S, et al. Infarct location and sleep apnea: evaluating the potential association in acute ischemic stroke. Sleep Med. 2015; 16(10): 1198–1203.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wierzbicka A, Rola R, Wichniak A, et al. The incidence of sleep apnea in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2006; 57(Suppl 4): 385–390.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wierzbicka A, Rola R, Wichniak A, et al. The incidence of sleep apnea in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2006; 57(Suppl 4): 385–390.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown DL, Lisabeth LD, Zupancic MJ, et al. High prevalence of supine sleep in ischemic stroke patients. Stroke. 2008; 39(9): 2511–2514.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown DL, Lisabeth LD, Zupancic MJ, et al. High prevalence of supine sleep in ischemic stroke patients. Stroke. 2008; 39(9): 2511–2514.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hsieh S-W, Lai C-L, Liu C-K, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea linked to wake-up strokes. J. Neurol. 2012; 259(7): 1433–1439.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hsieh S-W, Lai C-L, Liu C-K, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea linked to wake-up strokes. J. Neurol. 2012; 259(7): 1433–1439.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Camilo MR, Schnitman SV, Sander HH, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing among acute ischemic stroke patients in Brazil. Sleep Med. 2016; 19: 8–12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Camilo MR, Schnitman SV, Sander HH, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing among acute ischemic stroke patients in Brazil. Sleep Med. 2016; 19: 8–12.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dziewas R, Ritter M, Usta N, et al. Atherosclerosis and obstructive sleep apnea in patients with ischemic stroke. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 2007; 24(1): 122–126.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dziewas R, Ritter M, Usta N, et al. Atherosclerosis and obstructive sleep apnea in patients with ischemic stroke. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 2007; 24(1): 122–126.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beelke M, Angeli S, del Sette M, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea can be provocative for right-to-left shunting through a patent foramen ovale. Sleep. 2002; 25(8): 859–862.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Beelke M, Angeli S, del Sette M, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea can be provocative for right-to-left shunting through a patent foramen ovale. Sleep. 2002; 25(8): 859–862.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lechat P, Mas JL, Lascault G, et al. Prevalence of patent foramen ovale in patients with stroke. N. Engl. J. Med. 1988; 318(18): 1148–1152.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lechat P, Mas JL, Lascault G, et al. Prevalence of patent foramen ovale in patients with stroke. N. Engl. J. Med. 1988; 318(18): 1148–1152.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tullio DM, Sacco RL, Gopal A, et al. Patent foramen ovale as a risk factor for cryptogenic stroke. Ann. Intern. Med. 1992; 117(6): 461–465.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tullio DM, Sacco RL, Gopal A, et al. Patent foramen ovale as a risk factor for cryptogenic stroke. Ann. Intern. Med. 1992; 117(6): 461–465.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ozdemir O, Beletsky V, Hachinski V. et al. Cerebrovascular events on awakening, patent foramen ovale and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. J. Neurol. Sci. 2008; 268 (1–2): 193–194.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ozdemir O, Beletsky V, Hachinski V. et al. Cerebrovascular events on awakening, patent foramen ovale and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. J. Neurol. Sci. 2008; 268 (1–2): 193–194.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bassetti C, Aldrich MS. Sleep apnea in acute cerebrovascular diseases: final report on 128 patients. Sleep. 1999; 22(2): 217–223.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bassetti C, Aldrich MS. Sleep apnea in acute cerebrovascular diseases: final report on 128 patients. Sleep. 1999; 22(2): 217–223.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nachtmann A, Stang A, Wang Y-M, et al. Association of obstructive sleep apnea and stenotic artery disease in ischemic stroke patients. Atherosclerosis. 2003; 169(2): 301–307.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nachtmann A, Stang A, Wang Y-M, et al. Association of obstructive sleep apnea and stenotic artery disease in ischemic stroke patients. Atherosclerosis. 2003; 169(2): 301–307.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Narayan J, Amatoury J, Cho J-G, et al. Snoring effects on the baroreflex: an animal model. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. 2012; 180(2–3): 342–351.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Narayan J, Amatoury J, Cho J-G, et al. Snoring effects on the baroreflex: an animal model. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. 2012; 180(2–3): 342–351.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cho J-G, Witting PK, Verma M, et al. Tissue vibration induces carotid artery endothelial dysfunction: a mechanism linking snoring and carotid atherosclerosis? Sleep. 2011; 34(6): 751–757.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cho J-G, Witting PK, Verma M, et al. Tissue vibration induces carotid artery endothelial dysfunction: a mechanism linking snoring and carotid atherosclerosis? Sleep. 2011; 34(6): 751–757.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee Y-H, Kweon S-S, Choi BY, et al. Self-reported snoring and carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged and older adults: the Korean multi-rural communities cohort study. J. Epidemiol. 2014; 24(4): 281–286.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee Y-H, Kweon S-S, Choi BY, et al. Self-reported snoring and carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged and older adults: the Korean multi-rural communities cohort study. J. Epidemiol. 2014; 24(4): 281–286.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li Y, Liu J, Wang W, et al. Association of selfreported snoring with carotid artery intima-media thickness and plaque. J. Sleep Res. 2012; 21(1): 87–93.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li Y, Liu J, Wang W, et al. Association of selfreported snoring with carotid artery intima-media thickness and plaque. J. Sleep Res. 2012; 21(1): 87–93.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
