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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансляционная медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Translational Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-4495</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-5155</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/2311-4495-2020-7-1-6-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transmed-535</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТЫЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Mолекулярные механизмы сосудистой кальцификации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Role of calcification in aortic degeneration</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костина</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostina</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Костина Дарья Алексеевна, младший научный со-трудник лаборатории молекулярной кардиологии ФГБУ«НМИЦ им. В. А. Алмазова» Минздрава России; науч-ный сотрудник лаборатории регенеративной биомеди-цины ИНЦ РАН</p><p>Тихорецкий пр., д. 4, Санкт-Петербург, Россия, 194064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kostina Daria A., Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology; Researcher at the Laboratory of Regenerative Biomedicine</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kostinadariaspb@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Успенский</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uspensky</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Успенский Владимир Евгеньевич, к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательской лаборатории хирургии пороков и ишемической болезни сердца</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Uspensky Vladimir E., PhD, Senior Researcher at the Research Laboratory for Surgery of Heart Defects and Ischemic Heart Disease</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семенова Дарья Сергеевна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной кардиологии; младший научный сотрудник лаборатории регенеративной биомедицины; аспирант</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Semenova Daria S., Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology; Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Regenerative Biomedicine; Post-Graduate Student</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Костина Александра Станиславовна, научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной кардиологии; старший научный сотрудник лаборатории регенеративной биомедицины</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kostina Alexandra S., Researcher at the Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology; Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Regenerative Biomedicine</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боярская</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boyarskaya</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Боярская Надежда Владимировна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории регенеративной биомедицины</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boyarskaya Nadezhda V., Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Regenerative Biomedicine</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иртюга</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Irtyuga</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иртюга Ольга Борисовна, к.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник научно-исследовательской лаборатории кардиомиопатий</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irtyuga Olga B., PhD, Leading Researcher at the Research Laboratory of Cardiomyopathies</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малашичева</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malashicheva</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малашичева Анна Борисовна,к.б.н., заведующий научно-исследовательской лабораторией молекулярной кардиологии; ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией регенеративной биомедицины; доцент кафедры эмбриологии биологического факультета</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Malashicheva Anna B.,PhD, Head of the Research Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology; Leading Researcher, Head of Laboratory of Regenerative Biomedicine; Associate Professor of the Department of Embryology Biological Faculty</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт цитологии Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre; Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centr</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт цитологии Российской академии наук; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre; Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science; Saint Petersburg University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт цитологии Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Костина Д.А., Успенский В.Е., Семенова Д.С., Костина А.С., Боярская Н.В., Иртюга О.Б., Малашичева А.Б., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Костина Д.А., Успенский В.Е., Семенова Д.С., Костина А.С., Боярская Н.В., Иртюга О.Б., Малашичева А.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kostina D.A., Uspensky V.E., Semenova D.S., Kostina A.S., Boyarskaya N.V., Irtyuga O.B., Malashicheva A.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/535">https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/535</self-uri><abstract><p>Сосудистая кальцификация является распространенной и опасной для жизни патологией. Это активный биорегулируемый процесс, который наблюдается в патогенезе целого ряда заболеваний, связанных с нарушением метаболизма, патологиями соединительной ткани и старением. В кальцификации сосудов задействованы сигнальные пути и транскрипционные факторы, которые также играют роль в нормальном остеогенезе и/или в развитии сосудов. В обзоре особое внимание уделено роли сигнальных путей BMP (bone morphogenic protein, костный морфогенный белок), Notch, Wnt [wingless-type MMTV (Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus) integration site family members, член семейства интеграционного сайта ММТВ (мышиный вирус опухоли молочной железы) типа потери крыльев] и роли транскрипционных факторов BMP2, RUNX2, Msx2 в процессе кальцификации. По-видимому, нарушения в функционировании проостеогенных сигнальных путей и приобретение клетками сосудов остеогенного фенотипа характерно не только для минерализации и окостенения сосудов, но и является общим путем деградации сосудов. Проостеогенные изменения на клеточном и молекулярном уровне могут играть роль и в патогенезе заболеваний, в которых минерализация сосудов не проявляется, таких как аневризма грудной аорты. Способность сосудистых клеток приобретать остеофенотип, вероятно, имеет биологический смысл. Чрезмерное ослабление уровня активности остеогенных сигнальных путей также может приводить к патологическим изменениям в сосудах.</p><p>Целью представляемого обзора является рассмотрение механизмов сосудистой кальцификации с точки зрения участия сигнальных путей и сосудистых клеток в этом процессе. Главной задачей обзора является исследование причин и механизмов аортальной кальцификации; особый интерес для авторов представляет роль процессов кальцификации в патогенезе аневризмы аорты. Понимание механизмов биологической регуляции про- и антиостеогенных процессов при патологии и в норме открывает возможности воздействовать на этот процесс при коррекции сосудистых патологий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Vascular calcification is a widely-spread pathology with high mortality. It is active bioregulated process that is observed in pathogenesis of different desires, associated with metabolic dysfunction, congenital tissue desires and aging. Signal pathways and transcription factors that are involved in vascular calcification are also takes place in normal osteogenesis and/or vascular development. In the review the main attention is payed to the role of signaling pathways BMP (bone morphogenic protein), Notch, Wnt and to the role of transcription factors BMP2, RUNX2, Msx2 in vascular calcification. Probably, dysfunction of osteogenic signal pathways and transdifferentiation of vascular cells to osteoblast-like cells is a common prosses not only for vascular calcification or mineralization, but is a way of vascular degradation in general. Proosteogenic changes at cellular and molecular level may play role in pathogenesis of a disease without manifestation of vascular mineralization, such as thoracic aortic aneurysm. Ability of vascular cells to change their phenotype to osteophenotype is very likely biologically important ability. Over weakness of calcific signaling pathways activity can also lead to vascular pathology. The aim of the review is to overlook the mechanisms of vascular calcification focusing at the role of signal pathways and vascular cells at this process with particular attention to aortic calcification. Understanding the mechanisms of biological regulation of pro- and antiosteogenic processes in pathology and normal conditions opens new opportunities to influence this prosess in order to correct vascular pathologies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аневризма аорты</kwd><kwd>атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>гладкомышечные клетки</kwd><kwd>кальцификация медии</kwd><kwd>медиасклероз</kwd><kwd>сосудистая кальцификация</kwd><kwd>BMP2</kwd><kwd>Notch</kwd><kwd>RUNX2</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>aortic aneurysm</kwd><kwd>atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>BMP2</kwd><kwd>mediasclerosis</kwd><kwd>media calcification</kwd><kwd>Notch</kwd><kwd>RUNX2</kwd><kwd>smooth muscle cell</kwd><kwd>vascular calcification</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pameijer H, Paul J. 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