transmedТрансляционная медицинаTranslational Medicine2311-44952410-5155Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia10.18705/2311-4495-2017-4-1-29-40transmed-241Research ArticleТКАНЕВЫЕ, КЛЕТОЧНЫЕ, ГЕНОМНЫЕ И ПРОТЕОМНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИCELL, TISSUE, AND GENE THERAPYПОДХОДЫ К ТЕСТИРОВАНИЮ БИОМАТЕРИАЛОВ С ПОЗИЦИИ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ПАРАДИГМЫ БИОСОВМЕСТИМОСТИAPPROACHES TO BIOMATERIALS TESTING ACCORDING TO MODERN BIOCOMPATIBILITY PARADIGMВикнянщукА. Н.ViknianshchukA. N.

Викнянщук Алиса Николаевна - магистрант биологического факультета

Alisa N. Viknianshchuk - graduate student, Faculty of Biology

МишанинА. И.MishaninA. I.

Мишанин Александр Игоревич - младший научный сотрудник, Институт молекулярной биологии и генетики.

Ул. Аккуратова, д. 2, Санкт-Петербург, 197341

Alexander I. Mishanin - junior research fellow, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics.

Akkuratova str. 2, Saint Petersburg, 197341

ТвердохлебовС. И.TverdokhlebovS. I.

Твердохлебов Сергей  Иванович - кандидат   физико-математических наук, доцент

Sergei I. Tverdokhlebov - PhD, associate professor.

Tomsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7577-628XГоловкинА. С.GolovkinA. S.

Головкин   Алексей  Сергеевич - доктор   медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, Институт молекулярной  биологии  и  генетики.

Ул. Аккуратова, д. 2, Санкт-Петербург, 197341

Alexey S. Golovkin - PhD, MD, senior researcher, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics.

Akkuratova str. 2, Saint Petersburg, 197341

golovkin_a@mail.ruСанкт-Петербургский государственный университетРоссияSaint Petersburg UniversityRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Северо-Западный федеральный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В. А. Алмазова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияFederal Almazov North-West Medical Research CentreRussian FederationФедеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет»РоссияNational Research Tomsk Polytechnic UniversityRussian Federation201709052017412940Copyright © Викнянщук А.Н., Мишанин А.И., Твердохлебов С.И., Головкин А.С., 20172017Викнянщук А.Н., Мишанин А.И., Твердохлебов С.И., Головкин А.С.Viknianshchuk A.N., Mishanin A.I., Tverdokhlebov S.I., Golovkin A.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/241

С современных позиций биосовместимость представляет собой характеристику всей системы «тканеинженерный трансплантат — организм реципиента», адекватное прогнозируемое функционирование которой определяется в равной степени всеми входящими в ее состав компонентами (организм реципиента, материал, клетки). При этом сам материал, безусловно, влияет на феномен биосовместимости, однако он тесно связан с функциональными характеристиками организма реципиента, его клеток и тканей. Биоматериалы, из которых изготавливают трансплантаты, не должны быть токсичными, иммуногенными и тромбогенными. Однако условия, в которые попадает трансплантат в организме, также могут повлиять на успешность и полноту выполнения изделием желаемой функции. В связи с этим большое значение имеет предварительное тестирование цитотоксичности используемых материалов, а также оценка их влияния на функциональную активность различных типов клеток. В обзоре рассмотрены основные методы, применяемые на данный момент для оценки влияния биоматериалов на жизнеспособность, адгезию и миграцию клеток invitro, а также индукцию окислительного стресса и воспаления.

From the modern perspectives biocompatibility is a feature of the whole system «tissue engineered graft — recipient’s body». Adequate and predictable performance of this system is determined by all its components (recipient’s body, material, cells) to the same extent. Biomaterials for tissue engineered grafts shouldn’t be toxic, immunogenic and thrombogenic. At the same time, the efficiency of graft depends on the functional state of recipient’s body, tissues and cells. In this case studies of the influence of biomaterials on the viability and functional activity of different cell types become crucial. This review focuses on common modern approaches to in vitro assessment of the viability, adhesion, migration and induction of oxidative stress and inflammatory potential of different types of cells in response to the contact with biomaterials.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.