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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансляционная медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Translational Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-4495</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-5155</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/2311-4495-2014-0-1-82-91</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transmed-12</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КАРДИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CARDIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПИТАНИЯ КАК ФАКТОР РИСКА НЕИНФЕКЦИОННЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ В РОССИЙСКОЙ И ЭСТОНСКОЙ ПОПУЛЯЦИЯХ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>COMPARISON OF NUTRITION BEHAVIOR IN RUSSIA AND ESTONIA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлов</surname><given-names>Александр Викторович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlov</surname><given-names>A. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ротарь</surname><given-names>Оксана Петровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rotar</surname><given-names>Oxana P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rotar@almazovcentre.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Могучая</surname><given-names>Екатерина Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moguchaya</surname><given-names>E. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бояринова</surname><given-names>Мария Анатольевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boyarinova</surname><given-names>M. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерина</surname><given-names>Анастасия Максимовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erina</surname><given-names>A. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Павловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesova</surname><given-names>E. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конради</surname><given-names>Александра Олеговна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konradi</surname><given-names>A. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Boeing</surname><given-names>Heiner</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boeing</surname><given-names>H. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov Federal Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт питания человека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Орлов А.В., Ротарь О.П., Могучая Е.В., Бояринова М.А., Ерина А.М., Колесова Е.П., Конради А.О., Boeing H..., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Орлов А.В., Ротарь О.П., Могучая Е.В., Бояринова М.А., Ерина А.М., Колесова Е.П., Конради А.О., Boeing H.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Orlov A..., Rotar O.P., Moguchaya E..., Boyarinova M..., Erina A..., Kolesova E..., Konradi A..., Boeing H...</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/12">https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/12</self-uri><abstract><p>Вступление. Различия в распространенности сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в России и Евросоюзе могут быть обусловлены поведенческими факторами риска. Особый интерес представляет сравнение особенностей характера питания в странах, ранее входивших в состав СССР, в связи с длительным периодом общей культурной, политической истории и близостью территориального расположения. Для нашего исследования была выбрана популяция Эстонии (где уровень смертности от ССЗ примерно в 2 раза ниже, чем в России). Материалы и методы. Для исследования были случайным образом отобраны участники из России (131) и Эстонии (70) в возрасте 18-67 лет. Все участники были опрошены по специальному вопроснику EPFQ (European Food Propensity Questionnaire) включающему в себя вопросы о характере питания за последний год. Всем участникам исследования были заданы вопросы по статусу курения, уровню образования, произведено измерение роста и веса с расчетом индекса массы тела (ИМТ). Все участники подписали информированное согласие. Результаты. В российской популяции опрошенные потребляли достаточно овощей и фруктов летом, зимой - в 2,5 раза меньше рекомендованной нормы. Среди лиц с ожирением была выявлена отрицательная корреляция между ИМТ и потреблением овощей. Уровень потребления овощей и фруктов у мужчин и женщин значимо не отличался, однако было выявлена положительная корреляция между уровнем образования и потребления фруктов и овощей. При сравнении России и Эстонии распространенность курения, средний ИМТ значимо не различались. Уровень потребления молочных продуктов, полуфабрикатов, яиц, риса, пасты и сладкого также значимо не отлился. Эстонцы потребляют в 2 раза больше мяса. Женщины в Эстонии потребляют в 1,5 раза больше хлеба и рыбы, пьют алкоголь в 2-5 раз чаще. Мужчины в России потребляют больше овощей и фруктов, в 5 раз больше крепких алкогольных напитков и в 2 раза меньше пива. Заключение. В Российской и Эстонской популяции были выявлены сопоставимые антропометрические показатели, не наблюдалось различий и в статусе курения. Обращает на себя внимание более высокий уровень потребления овощей и фруктов, однако высокий уровень потребления полуфабрикатных продуктов, хлеба и картофеля, а также низкий уровень потребления овощей и фруктов зимой может обуславливать широкую распространенность избыточной массы тела и ожирения в популяции. Следует также отметить «северный» тип потребления алкоголя у мужчин в России и значимо большее потребление алкоголя женщинами Эстонии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. Difference in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) prevalence between Russia and European Union may be caused by life style risk factors. Long period of common history and close geographic position allows to compare the nutrition behavior in North-West region of Russia and Estonia. Design and methods. As a part of collaborative study between Almazov FMRC and DIfE (IDAMES project), 131 inhabitants from St. Petersburg and 70 from Estonia randomly selected 18-65 y/o were interviewed by European food propensity questionnaire (EPFQ), translated and adapted to Russian and Estonian languages. It contained questions about frequency of main food groups consumption during last year. Informed consent and data regarding smoking status and anthropometry (height, weight with body mass index (BMI) calculation) were obtained from all participants. Results. Between Russia and Estonia no difference in smoking status and BMI were revealed (28,57 % and 24,81 % of current smokers; 26,32 kg/m2 and 26,28 kg/m2 for BMI respectively). Estonians take meat 2 times more frequent compared to Russian inhabitants. Estonian women consume 1,5 times more bread and fish than Russian, drink 2 to 5 times more alcohol. Russian men take more fruits and vegetables, 5 times more strong drinks, but 2 time less beer compared to Estonian men. Consumption levels of milk, semi-processed products, eggs, rice, pasta and sweets were comparable between groups. conclusion. Obtained data show differs in Estonia and in St. Petersburg eating behavior in spite of close geographical position and common history as well as comparable prevalence of smoking and obesity. Estonians have higher meat intake. Gender analysis surprisingly showed that Estonian females take more alcohol than Russian females. Russian males keep superiority in strong drinks consumption but have better level of fruits/vegetable intake and drink less beer.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd><kwd>поведенческие факторы риска</kwd><kwd>особенности питания</kwd><kwd>потребление овощей</kwd><kwd>фруктов</kwd><kwd>алкоголя</kwd><kwd>Cardiovascular diseases</kwd><kwd>life style risk factors</kwd><kwd>eating behavior</kwd><kwd>fruits</kwd><kwd>vegetables</kwd><kwd>alcohol intake</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO // Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data. World health statistics. 2012 [Электронный ресурс]. URRS: http:www.who.int/gho/publications/world_health_statistics/EN_WHS2012_Full.pd.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WHO // Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data. World health statistics. 2012 [Электронный ресурс]. 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