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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансляционная медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Translational Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-4495</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-5155</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/2311-4495-2025-12-6-527-537</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transmed-1069</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТЫЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Когнитивный статус и уровень тревожности у пациентов с атеросклерозом артерий в периоперационном периоде</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cognitive status and anxiety level in patients with arterial atherosclerosis in the perioperative period</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4535-9805</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перепелица</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perepelitsa</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Александровна Перепелица, доктор медицинских наук, заведующая кафедрой, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>ОНК «Институт медицины и наук о жизни»; высшая школа медицины; кафедра хирургических дисциплин; лаборатория патологии клетки при критических состояниях</p><p>236041; ул. А. Невского, д. 14; Калининград; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Perepelitsa, MD, PhD, DSc, Head of the Department, Leading researcher</p><p>Public Scientific Center “Institute of Medicine and Life Sciences”; Higher School of Medicine; Department of Surgical Disciplines; Laboratory of Cell Pathology in Critical Conditions</p><p>236041; 14 Nevsky str.; Kaliningrad; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sveta_perepeliza@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9088-2312</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Забалуева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zabalueva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алена Алексеевна Забалуева, магистрант 2-го года обучения по направлению «Психология», программа: «Нейронауки (Психология)»</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena A. Zabalueva, 2nd year Master’s student in the field of “Psychology”, program “Neurosciences (Psychology)”</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alenananalala@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5621-2238</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шатравка</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatravka</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Владимирович Шатравка, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий отделением</p><p>ОНК «Институт медицины и наук о жизни»; высшая школа медицины; кафедра хирургических дисциплин; отделение сердечно-сосудистой хирургии</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Shatravka, MD, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor, Head of the Department</p><p>Public Scientific Center “Institute of Medicine and Life Sciences”; Higher School of Medicine; Department of Surgical Disciplines; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shatravkaa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта»; Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный научно-исследовательский центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University; Federal Research Center for Resuscitation and Rehabilitation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное&#13;
учреждение высшего образования «Балтийский федеральный&#13;
университет имени Иммануила Канта»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта»; Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Областная клиническая больница Калининградской области»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University;  State Healthcare Institution “Regional Clinical Hospital of the Kaliningrad Region”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>527</fpage><lpage>537</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Перепелица С.А., Забалуева А.А., Шатравка А.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Перепелица С.А., Забалуева А.А., Шатравка А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Perepelitsa S.A., Zabalueva A.A., Shatravka A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/1069">https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/1069</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Актуальность</title><p>   Актуальность. Течение атеросклероза артерий, особенно на фоне увеличения биологического возраста человека, ассоциировано не только с тяжелыми нарушениями соматического, но и когнитивного статуса. Проведение операций, направленных на восстановление кровообращения, сопряжено с прогрессированием когнитивных нарушений или появлением послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции.</p></sec><sec><title>   Цель</title><p>   Цель. Определить частоту встречаемости и динамику когнитивных нарушений и тревожности у пациентов с атеросклерозом артерий в периоперационном периоде.</p></sec><sec><title>   Материалы и методы</title><p>   Материалы и методы. В исследование включили 60 пациентов с атеросклерозом артерий, поступивших на плановые хирургические вмешательства в отделение сердечно-сосудистой хирургии. Основными оперативными вмешательствами явились каротидная эндартерэктомия и реконструктивные операции на артериях аорто-бедренно-берцовых сегментов. В зависимости от исходного когнитивного статуса больных разделили на две группы: А — 38 пациентов с когнитивными нарушениями и В — 22 пациента без когнитивных нарушений. Первичное нейропсихологическое обследование провели за сутки до предполагаемой операции. Повторная диагностика проводилась нейропсихологом на 5–7-е сутки после вмешательства. Изучали общие данные пациентов, структуру основного и сопутствующего диагнозов, выполненные операции. Нейропсихологическая диагностика включала Монреальскую шкалу оценки когнитивных функций (MoCA), Амстердамскую предоперационную шкалу тревожности и информации (APAIS), тест Спилбергера-Ханина.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. Пациенты группы А имели признаки когнитивной дисфункции, среднее значение теста MoCA составило 21,9 ± 3,4 балла против 27,4 ± 1,2 балла в группе В. У большинства пациентов группы А диагностированы атеросклероз сонных артерий, артериальная гипертензия и ишемическая болезнь сердца. Установлены множественные корреляционные связи, подтверждающие влияние факторов на когнитивный статус и уровень тревожности пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. В исследовании установлено, что у 38 (63,3 %) пациентов в предоперационном периоде впервые диагностировано снижение когнитивных функций. Основными факторами, которые приводят к когнитивному дефициту, являются пожилой возраст, атеросклероз сонных артерий, высокая коморбидность, социальный и трудовой статус.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Background</title><p>   Background. The course of arterial atherosclerosis, especially against the background of an increase in the biological age of a person, is associated not only with severe disorders of somatic, but also cognitive status. Conducting operations aimed at restoring blood circulation is associated with the progression of cognitive impairment or the appearance of postoperative cognitive dysfunction.</p></sec><sec><title>   Objective</title><p>   Objective. To determine the incidence and dynamics of cognitive impairment and anxiety in patients with arterial atherosclerosis in the perioperative period.</p></sec><sec><title>   Design and methods</title><p>   Design and methods. The study included 60 patients with arterial atherosclerosis admitted for planned surgical interventions to the cardiovascular surgery department. The main surgical interventions were carotid endarterectomy and reconstructive operations on the arteries of the aortofemoral-tibial segments. Depending on the initial cognitive status, the patients were divided into two groups: A — 38 patients with cognitive impairment and B — 22 patients without cognitive impairment. The primary neuropsychological examination was conducted 24 hours. Repeated diagnostics were performed by a neuropsychologist on the 5–7th day after the operation. General data of the patients, the structure of the primary and concomitant diagnoses, and the operations performed were studied. Neuropsychological diagnostics included the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS), and the Spielberger-Khanin test.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. Patients in Group A had signs of cognitive dysfunction, the average MoCA test score was 21.9 ± 3.4 points, versus 27.4 ± 1.2 points in Group B. Most patients in Group A were diagnosed with carotid artery atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, and coronary heart disease. Multiple correlations were found, confirming the influence of factors on the cognitive status and anxiety level of patients.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. The study found that 38 (63.3 %) patients were diagnosed with cognitive decline for the first time in the preoperative period. The main factors that lead to cognitive deficit are old age, carotid artery atherosclerosis, high comorbidity, social and work status.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атеросклероз артерий</kwd><kwd>операция</kwd><kwd>когнитивный статус</kwd><kwd>личностная тревожность</kwd><kwd>ситуативная тревожность</kwd><kwd>шкала APAIS</kwd><kwd>тест Спилбергера-Ханина</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arterial atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>surgery</kwd><kwd>cognitive status</kwd><kwd>personal anxiety</kwd><kwd>situational anxiety</kwd><kwd>APAIS&#13;
scale</kwd><kwd>Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья не имела финансовой поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article had no financial support</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение [Интернет]. Федеральная служба государственной статистики Российской Федерации; 2025 [цитировано 08 августа 2025]. Доступно по ссылке: https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/13721</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Healthcare [Internet]. Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation; 2025 [cited 2025 August 08]. 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