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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансляционная медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Translational Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-4495</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2410-5155</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18705/2311-4495-2025-12-4-330-339</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">MIKXQE</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transmed-1058</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТЫЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Желудочковые аритмии восстановительного периода после физической нагрузки: анализ проблемы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ventricular arrhythmias of the recovery period after physical exercise: analysis of the problem</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9001-8743</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жабина</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhabina</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жабина Екатерина Сергеевна — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательской лаборатории электрокардиологии, ассистент кафедры факультетской терапии с клиникой</p><p>ул. Аккуратова, 2, Санкт-Петербург,197341 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina S. Zhabina, MD, PhD, Senior researcher of the research laboratory of electrocardiology, assistant professor of faculty therapy with clinic of the Institute of Medical Education</p><p>Akkuratova str., 2, Saint Petersburg, 197341 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhabina-ekaterina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеевич</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volodkin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Володькин Алексей Сергеевич — студент 6 курса лечебного факультета Института медицинского образования</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey S. Volodkin, 6th year student of the Faculty of Medicine of the Institute of Medical Education</p><p>Saint Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volodckin.lesha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7976-5588</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильевна</surname><given-names>Т. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Treshkur</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трешкур Татьяна Васильевна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заведующая научно-исследовательской лабораторией электрокардиологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Treshkur, MD, PhD, Associate professor, Head of the research laboratory of electrocardiology</p><p>Saint Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">meinetvt@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>330</fpage><lpage>339</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жабина Е.С., Сергеевич В.А., Васильевна Т.Т., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жабина Е.С., Сергеевич В.А., Васильевна Т.Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhabina E.S., Volodkin A.S., Treshkur T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/1058">https://transmed.almazovcentre.ru/jour/article/view/1058</self-uri><abstract><p>Традиционно нагрузочные пробы в медицине применяются для диагностики ишемической болезни сердца, однако в представленной статье их потенциал рассматривается значительно шире. Здесь показано, что такие пробы способны давать важную информацию при обследовании пациентов с желудочковыми нарушениями ритма. Подробно изучаются патофизиологические механизмы развития аритмий, ключевым фактором которых является нарушение баланса автономной нервной системы: снижение реактивности блуждающего нерва на фоне продолжающейся повышенной симпатической активности.Подчеркивается значимость тщательной оценки не только самой нагрузочной части пробы, но и восстановительного периода, который удобно разделить на два этапа: ранний (до трех минут) и поздний (после четырех минут). Оценивая поминутно желудочковые аритмии, регистрируемые именно в периоде восстановления после физической нагрузки, удается выявить специфичные аритмии раннего восстановительного периода («симпатозависимые»), обладающие неблагоприятным прогнозом. Такие аритмии оказываются более значимыми с точки зрения предсказания сердечно-сосудистых осложнений, нежели нарушения ритма, происходящие исключительно на пике нагрузки. Они нередко служат индикатором скрытого поражения структуры миокарда.В данной статье подчеркивается, что главной задачей врача-клинициста должно стать своевременное распознавание основной патологии, проявляющейся обнаруженными аритмиями. Рассматриваются также дифференцированные подходы к выбору антиаритмического лечения, зависящего от характера нарушений сердечного ритма. Раннее выявление пациентов с подобными аритмиями позволит предотвратить случаи внезапной сердечной смерти, особенно среди молодежи, активно занимающейся спортом.Таким образом, представленное исследование демонстрирует острую потребность в дальнейшем углубленном изучении и систематизации желудочковых аритмий восстановительного периода для повышения эффективности диагностики и профилактики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Traditionally, stress tests in medicine have been used to diagnose coronary artery disease. However, this article explores their potential far more broadly, demonstrating that these tests can provide crucial information in the evaluation of patients with ventricular arrhythmias. The paper offers a detailed examination of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these arrhythmias, identifying autonomic nervous system imbalance as a key factor — specifically, reduced vagal reactivity against a backdrop of persistent elevated sympathetic activity.The significance of a thorough assessment is emphasized, extending beyond the exercise phase itself to include the recovery period, which is usefully divided into an early phase (up to three minutes) and a late phase (after four minutes). A minute-by-minute analysis of ventricular arrhythmias recorded during post-exercise recovery enables the identification of specific early recovery phase arrhythmias (termed “sympathetic-driven”), which carry an unfavorable prognosis. These arrhythmias prove to be more significant predictors of cardiovascular complications than those occurring solely at peak exercise and often serve as markers of concealed structural heart disease.The article underscores that the primary objective for the clinician must be the timely identification of the underlying pathology manifesting as these arrhythmias. Differentiated approaches to antiarrhythmic treatment, tailored to the nature of the rhythm disturbances, are also discussed. The early detection of patients with such arrhythmias will help prevent cases of sudden cardiac death, particularly among young individuals engaged in sports. Thus, the presented research highlights the pressing need for further in-depth study and systematization of ventricular arrhythmias during the recovery period to enhance the effectiveness of diagnostics and prevention in cardiovascular disease.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вегетативная нервная система</kwd><kwd>внезапная сердечная смерть</kwd><kwd>восстановительный период</kwd><kwd>желудочковые аритмии</kwd><kwd>проба с физической нагрузкой</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autonomic nervous system</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular diseases</kwd><kwd>exercise test</kwd><kwd>recovery period</kwd><kwd>sudden cardiac death</kwd><kwd>ventricular arrhythmias</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кушаковский М. С. Аритмии сердца (Расстройства сердечного ритма и нарушения проводимости. 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